The path is usually marked with green or blue dots. Use tweezers to navigate the thread through the rear guide before bringing it to the looper eye.
Usually caused by a blunt needle or incorrect needle-to-looper timing. Check that the needle is pushed all the way into the needle bar.
Adjustable via a push-button on the bedplate. Hold the button and turn the handwheel to change from 1mm to 4mm.
Usually 5.5mm to 7mm, adjustable via the chain connected to the foot pedal.